In the 1500s, a sultanate on the island of Sumatra asked the Ottomans for help across the Indian Ocean. The trade routes, the pilgrimage to Mecca, and a red flag with a crescent all tie into the story.

Swipe to see what happened.

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#ottomanempire #indonesia

Osmanlı, Safevi ve Babür İmparatorlukları:
1600’lerin Ekonomik Devleri

17. yüzyılda, üç büyük Türkî imparatorluk — Osmanlı Halifeliği, Safevi İmparatorluğu ve Babür Sultanlığı — Orta Doğu ve Güney Asya’nın geniş bölgelerine hükmediyordu. Her biri kültür, siyaset ve ticaretin birer gücüydü. Ancak saf ekonomik güç bakımından Babür İmparatorluğu diğerlerinin üzerinde yer alıyordu; 1990 uluslararası dolar cinsinden tahmini 74,3 milyar dolarlık bir GSYİH’ya sahipti.

Bu karşılaştırma, bu imparatorlukların yalnızca kendi bölgelerini değil, aynı zamanda erken modern dünyadaki küresel ticareti, güç dengelerini ve servet akışını nasıl şekillendirdiklerine de ışık tutmaktadır.

Kaynak: @creative.wam

Ottoman & Safavid & Mughal Empires :
The Economic Titans of the 1600s

In the 17th century, three great Turkic empires ruled vast regions across the Middle East and South Asia - the Ottoman Caliphate, the Safavid Empire, and the Mughal (Babur) Sultanate. Each was a powerhouse of culture, politics, and commerce. But when it came to sheer economic strength, the Mughal (Babur) Empire stood above the rest, boasting an estimated GDP of $74.3 billion (in 1990 international dollars).

This comparison sheds light on how these empires not only defined their regions but also shaped global trade, power dynamics, and the flow of wealth in the early modern world.

Credit: @creative.wam

Medan Grand Mosque or Al - Mashun Grand Mosque is a mosque located in the city of Medan, Indonesia
This mosque was designed by a Dutch architect, with ornaments that adopted Indian, Spanish, Middle Eastern culture, and mixed and matched with Malay culture. This mosque was built during the reign of Sultan Ma'mun Alrasyid Perkasa Alam from the Melayu Deli sultanate in 1906 and was completed in 1909.

𝘽𝙖𝙩𝙩𝙡𝙚 𝙙𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙞𝙡𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙚𝙣𝙨𝙪𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙖𝙛𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙝

The Second Battle of Kosovo (Turkish: İkinci Kosova Muharebesi) was a land battle between a Hungarian-led Crusader army and Ottoman Sultanate at Kosovo field during 17–20 October 1448. Ottoman army under the command of Sultan Murad II defeated the Crusader army of regent John Hunyadi.

The Christian Balkan states were simply incapable to resist the Ottoman forces after this defeat leading to annexation of Wallachia. Murad II was succeeded by his son Mehmed II who further expanded the Ottoman state by finally capturing Constantinople in 1453. This transformed the Ottoman state into a global power and had military power far superior than any contemporary European state.

The list of belligerents is posted in comments

#kosovo #crusade #military #europe #balkan

MAMLUK SULTANATE

The Mamluk Sultanate was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries. The Mamluks formed one of the most powerful and wealthiest empires of the time, lasting from 1250 to 1517 in Egypt, North Africa, and the Levant.
The term 'Mamluk Sultanate' is a modern historiographical term. Arabic sources for the period of the Bahri Mamluks refer to the dynasty as the 'State of the Turks' (Dawlat al-Atrak or Dawlat al-Turk) or 'State of Turkey' (al-Dawla al-Turkiyya).

16 May 1926, on this day, last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Mehmed VI Vahideddin died.

Mehmed VI Vahideddin (born 14 January 1861) was the 36th and last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 4 July 1918 until 1 November, 1922 when the Ottoman Empire was dissolved after World War I, and was replaced by the Republic of Turkey, on 29 October 1923.

The brother of Mehmed V, he became heir to the throne in 1916 after the suicide of Abdülaziz's son, Şehzade Yusuf Izzeddin, as the eldest male member of the House of Osman. He acceded to the throne after the death of Mehmed V.

He was girded with the Sword of Osman on 4 July 1918, as the thirty-sixth padishah. His father was Sultan Abdulmejid I and his mother was Gülüstü Hanım (1830 – 1865.) She was an ethnic Abkhazian, daughter of Prince Tahir Bey Çaçba and his wife Afişe Lakerba, who was originally named Fatma Çaçba. Mehmed stepped down when the Ottoman Sultanate was abolished in 1922, and the Republic of Turkey was created, with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk as the first President.

Photo- Grave of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI Vahideddin in Damascus

In 1164AD, Salah ud Din Ayubi officially became a state employee of the Ismaili Fatimid Empire. He rose up the ranks owing to his charisma and military successes against Crusaders. Salah ud, as a Sunni Muslim began to undermine Fatimid regime by feigning loyalty. He managed to get the rank of a Vizer. After the death of Al-Adid in 1171AD, Salah ud Din Ayubi abolished the Cairo based Fatimid state and established Ayubbid Sultanate with himself as the First Sultan.

This shows that Salah ud Din Ayubi was indeed a man who possessed cunningness and also employed deception to achieve his goal of realigning Egypt with the Sunni based Abbasid Caliphate. The force behind Sultan Salah ud Din Ayubi Hazretleri was Sayyidina Abdul Qadir Jillani (رحمه الله تعالی) the leader of all Awliyah, Imam of all Orthodox Sunnis, and the 13th direct descendant of the Fifth Rightly Guided Caliph Sayyidina Imam Hassan ibn Ali رضي الله عنهم.

Source: "Saladin" Longman

Ottoman Empire
Sultanate-i-Osmania troops stationed outside Masjid-i-al-Aqsa, 1915.

#AlAqsa #AlAqsaUnderAttack #ottomanempire #baitulmaqdis #Palestine #HistoryHour #historyhoursocial

Naqib al-ashraf ( نقيب الأشراف) was an important governmental post in various different Islamic states like Mamluk and Ottoman Sultanates. The holder of this post was a member of Sayyids or Ashraf class which denoted the rank of supervisor of descendants of Prince of all Prophets, Muhammad ﷺ . The descendants of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ were popularly known as Ashraf and throughout Islamic history.

Both Shia and Sunni Sayyids in Ottoman state were accorded special privileges, including personal inviolability, certain tax exemptions and immunity from regular prosecution. In the event of a legal complaint against a member of the Ashraf, Naqib al-ashraf would prosecute and judge alleged offender. This was done to ensure their special place in Muslim society & thus maintain their socio-political privileges to honor them as they were considered a living link to the Noble Prophet ﷺ.

Source: The Ottoman State and Descendants of the Prophet ﷺ in Anatolia and Balkans (1500-1700 AD) by the author Hülya Canbaka

#prophetmuhammad #sayyid #Muhammad

#OnThisDay Salāḥ ud-Dīn al-Ayyūbī left this world.

Sultān Nūr al-Dīn Maḥmūd Zengī intended to liberate Jerusalem and made many efforts, but he passed away in 569 AH. His deputy Sultān Salāḥ al-Dīn al-Ayyūbī fulfilled his aim years later. The great Sultān did not get back Bayt al-Muqaddas by carrying out the massacre like the non-Muslims did by massacring 70,000 Muslims, but he got it back by making reconciliation with the non-Muslims present there as per their wish. By his great efforts and true yearning for Islām, he conquered many forts and areas and excellently uplifted the flag of Islām. He also conquered other places.

#Salahuddin #AyyubidDynasty #Sultanate