#OnThisDay Salāḥ ud-Dīn al-Ayyūbī left this world. Sultān Nūr al-Dīn Maḥmūd Zengī intended to liberate Jerusalem and made many efforts, but he passed away in 569 AH. His deputy Sultān Salāḥ al-Dīn al-Ayyūbī fulfilled his aim years later. The great Sultān did not get back Bayt al-Muqaddas by carrying out the massacre like the non-Muslims did by massacring 70,000 Muslims, but he got it back by making reconciliation with the non-Muslims present there as per their wish. By his great efforts and true yearning for Islām, he conquered many forts and areas and excellently uplifted the flag of Islām. He also conquered other places. #Salahuddin #AyyubidDynasty #Sultanate

#OnThisDay in 1187, Sultān Salāḥ al-Dīn al-Ayyūbi liberated Jerusalem from the Crusaders. The Ayyubid army defeated the Crusaders at the decisive Battle of Hattin and took control over Palestine. The Muslim ruler Salāḥ al-Dīn al-Ayyūbi was a magnificent and extraordinary military leader and was an living example of the onward, tolerant, and man of great faith which was deeply beloved to his heart. By illuminating restraint and peaceful treatment of the non-Muslims, he was upholding the teachings of Islām such as protecting the non-Muslims and freedom of religion.

#OnThisDay Suleiman was 72-year-old when he led his last campaign against the Habsburgs. After two days of his death, the fort of Szigetvár was conquered by the Ottomans. Grand Vizier Mehmed Pasha concealed his death until Sultan Selim II was enthroned in Istanbul. During his forty-six year reign, Süleyman had added to the Empire territory in eastern Anatolia, Iraq, the Gulf and the Red Sea, the Aegean, Moldavia and Hungary. Some of these territories cost more in defence than they provided in revenue, but all served to emphasise Süleyman's status as the ruler of one of the world's greatest Empires. The Ottoman territory was to expand further during the reigns of his two successors, but the Empire was never again to play the international role that it had done at the height of Süleyman's power, writes Colin Imber. Sultan Suleiman sponsored an army of artists, religious thinkers, and philosophers that outshone the most educated courts of Europe. He commissioned the great building projects in Istanbul and other provinces of his empire. The great architect Mimar Sinan served during his reign. He restored many religious buildings like the tomb of Jurist Abu Hanifa, mosques in Jerusalem, Mecca, and Medina. He also ordered to build the tomb of the famous Sufi master Sheikh Abdul Qadri Jilani after his conquest of Baghdad. During his last days, he devoted most of his attention to just governing, law-making, and pious life. He has been known to Europeans as 'the Magnificent' for the grandeur of his court. His subjects and the Muslims have called him 'Kanuni' (the Lawgiver) because it was under his rule that Sultanic laws (kanun) were compiled, systematized, and harmonized with Islamic law (sharia). #ottomanempire #ottoman

#OnThisDay On this day, August 31, 1876, the 34th Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II ascended the throne. A Brief Overview of His Achievements Sultan Abdul Hamid II is considered to be the founder of modern Turkey. Although he came to power at a time of political upheaval, he made some very major developments and changes throughout his empire. Sultan Abdul Hamid II encouraged infrastructural and cultural modernization. Under his rule, Ottoman bureaucracy acquired rational and institutional features where admission into the civil service as well as promotion processes was arranged through objective criteria such as exams and rules. Abdul Hamid II's modernizing efforts ultimately laid the foundation for modern Turkey; the founders of the Turkish republic were educated at schools founded by Abdul Hamid II. #ottomanempire #ottoman #IslamicGoldenAge

#OnThisDay When Alp Arslan emerged victorious in the battle, Emperor Romanos IV was captured by the Seljuqs and was brought as a prisoner in front of the Sultan: Alp Arslan: What would you do if I was brought before you as a prisoner? Romanos: Perhaps I'd kill you, or exhibit you in the streets of Constantinople. Alp Arslan: My punishment is far heavier. I forgive you and set you free. Previously, As soon as Alp Arslan settled his position in Iraq, he undertook a new campaign in eastern Anatolia to consolidate his control. For a good 40 years before the battle, Asia Minor had been penetrated by migratory Turkish groups in search of pastureland, with whom the Byzantines had proved wholly incapable of dealing. As a result, Emperor Romanos decided to check the Turkish raids and influence in the region and led a great army eastwards. Alp Arslan seized the opportunity to divert his army to confront the emperor who had given shelter to his Nawakiyya enemies. (ACS Peacock) Both armies met at Manzikert. According to Peacock, Manzikert is conventionally considered one of the great turning points in world history, opening the way to the collapse of the Byzantine empire in Anatolia and the establishment of Turkish rule there. However, both Byzantine and Muslim sources agree that Alp Arslan offered Romanus generous peace terms, involving merely the concession of a few frontier fortresses such as Edessa and the payment of an indemnity. The Seljuks did not move into Anatolia until after the death of Alp Arslan (1072), as he (Alp Arslan) still considered the Fatimids of Egypt as his primary objective. Later Suleiman ibn Qutulmish was appointed as governor of Seljuk possessions in Anatolia. Suleiman then captured the Byzantine cities of Nicaea (İznik) and Nicomedia (İzmit) in 1075. Two years later in 1077 AD, he declared himself the Sultan of an independent Seljuq state at Nicaea. This state came to be known as the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum or the Seljuk Sultanate of Anatolia.

#OnThisDay in 1227 the leader Genghiz Khan died. Do you know that in the 13th century, the great Mongol Khan (leader) of the Golden Horde became a Muslim, and declared vengeance on his cousin, Hulagu Khan, who had invaded Islamic lands and massacred its people in the year 1258? Fearless, sophisticated weaponry, and brutal tactics: this moderately sums up the Mongol Empire. Their reputation as merciless fighters – who ravaged Muslim lands, levelling entire cities and leaving nothing but death and destruction in their wake. However, the total destruction of the Islamic empire was completed through the capture and raze of Baghdad by the Mongols and brought an end to the 'Golden Age of Islām.' In 1255 Hulagu Khan, the grandson of Genghiz Khan, was charged by the new Mongol ruler to destroy all remaining Muslim powers between Iran and the Mediterranean, leading to the Mongol excursions into Syria and Iraq, and resulting in the fall of Baghdad. The destruction of the great city remains a pivotal moment in history, a disaster by any standards. As fate would have it, from the ashes of the Caliphate, a new Muslim empire would eventually arise, beginning first with the Khans of the Golden Horde. Berke Khan, also a grandson of Genghiz Khan, is believed to be the earliest Muslim convert among the Mongols and he ruled over the Golden Horde for ten years until his death. Some historians believe that Berke’s intervention, busying Hulagu with inter-Mongol disputes, prevented him from inflicting the sacred lands of Islām; Makkah, Madīnah, and Jerusalem! The barbaric Mongol empire changed after converting to Islām that helped to bring unity to their empire. They made Persian and to some extent Turkish as their language and rebuilt Iranian cities they destroyed. Not only did Mongols in all previously Muslim areas eventually convert to Islām, but also later expanded in some steppe areas where it had not previously prevailed, as in Kazakhstan. Islām survived, is surviving, and will forever survive, however, the vast destruction caused by the Mongol invasions, especially in the period 1219-1260, was a great setback for the Muslim world. It is Allāh سبحانه و تعالى‎ who guides whom He wills.

#OnThisDay in 1658, Sultān Muḥī al-Dīn Muḥammad Aurangzeb became the Mughal Emperor! Under his rule, his territory and land expanded to 4 million square miles, and ruled over an estimated 158 million people. He even surprised China into the world's largest economy. The great orthodox Muslim leader Aurangzeb 'Ālamgīr was the last prominent Mughal emperor and ruled over the entire Indian subcontinent including present-day; Pakistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Bengal as well as northern and southern India. His main goal and focus was to make Islām a dominant force in his reign. He was said to be both the richest and most powerful leader of his day as he showed tactical and strategic military skill, great powers of dissimulation, and ruthless determination. He also commissioned the compilation of Fatāwā 'Ālamgīrī on Ḥanafī Fiqh. The emperor was also a disciple of Khwājah Muḥammad Ma'sūm Fārūqī Sirhindī on the Naqshbandī Mujaddidī Sūfī path. May Allāh Subḥānahu wa Ta'āla elevate his rank!