#Turkey is located at the crossroads of Asia and Europe. It is bordered by Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest, the Black Sea to the north, Georgia to the northeast, Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan, and Iran to the east, Iraq to the southeast, Syria and the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west.
Area: 783,562 square kilometers.
Topography: Includes the Taurus Mountains in the south, the Pontic Mountains in the north, fertile plains like the Anatolian Plain, and the Central Anatolian Plateau, along with lakes such as Lake Van.
Water Bodies: Borders four major seas: the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, the Aegean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea.
2. Climate:
Coastal Areas:
Mediterranean and Aegean Coasts: Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Black Sea Coast: Moderate and humid climate year-round.
Inland Regions: Continental climate with hot, dry summers and very cold, snowy winters.
Climate Change: Turkey faces challenges like drought and rising temperatures due to climate change.
3. Population:
Population Size: Approximately 84.5 million (2021).
Population Distribution: Istanbul is the largest city with over 15.5 million residents. Ankara is the second largest, followed by Izmir, Bursa, and Antalya.
Ethnic Diversity: Predominantly Turks, with a significant Kurdish minority, and smaller Armenian, Arab, and Greek communities.
Population Growth: About 1.2% annually.
4. Economy:
GDP: Approximately $7.209 trillion in 2021.
Exports: Includes agricultural products, automobiles, textiles, and electronics, valued at $225 billion.
Imports: Mainly energy and raw materials, totaling $271 billion.
Unemployment Rate: Around 10.3%.
Agriculture and Industry: Notable for wheat, hazelnuts, and olives, as well as being a leading producer of automobiles and steel.
5. Currency:
The official currency is the Turkish Lira (TRY), which experiences fluctuations in value against foreign currencies.
6. Tourism:
Visitor Numbers: Turkey welcomed around 30 million tourists in 2021.
Revenue: Approximately $24.5 billion.
Top Destinations:
Istanbul: Iconic landmarks like Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, and Topkapi Palace.
Antalya: A hub for coastal tourism.
Cappadocia: Known for its unique landscapes and hot air balloons.
Historical Sites: Ephesus and Troy.
7. History:
Civilizations: Turkey has been home to various civilizations, including the Hittites, Persians, Romans, and Byzantines.
Ottoman Era: Spanned from the 14th century to the early 20th century.
Modern Republic: Established in 1923 under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who moved the capital to Ankara and initiated widespread reforms.
8. Education:
Education System: Mandatory for 12 years (6 years primary, 3 years middle, 3 years secondary).
Higher Education: Home to numerous universities, including Istanbul University and Middle East Technical University.
Literacy Rate: Approximately 96%.
9. Healthcare:
Healthcare System: Turkey has a well-developed healthcare system encompassing public and private sectors.
Medical Tourism: A popular destination for medical and cosmetic treatments, attracting thousands of patients annually.
Hospitals: Equipped with state-of-the-art medical technology.
10. Culture:
Official Language: Turkish.
Religion: Islam is the predominant religion, with Christian and Jewish minorities.
Traditions: A blend of Eastern and Western cultural influences.
Turkey serves as a bridge between East and West, with a rich history and modern development.

Two years into one of the world’s deadliest — and most underreported — conflicts, Sudan is being torn apart.

Fighting between the Sudanese army and paramilitary RSF has turned cities into graveyards. Bodies lie unburied. Hospitals are in ruins. Entire towns have been emptied.

About 30% of Sudan’s population have fled their homes.

Aid groups warn the real death toll could be far higher than reported — many areas are inaccessible, and communication blackouts hide the full scale of atrocities.

The brutality is clear, but what we know may only scratch the surface.

Eid al Fitr celebrations continue across the world as Muslims come together in prayer, marking the first day of Eid in some countries on March 31. From mosques to open fields, communities unite in gratitude, joy, and reflection, embracing the spirit of Eid.

Eid al Fitr marks the end of the month of Ramadan and is being celebrated by millions of Muslims worldwide.

During Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn until sunset, abstaining from food and drink during daylight hours

After a month of fasting, Eid begins with early morning prayers and is followed by festive gatherings, charity events and shared meals. Lasting for three days, Eid is a time of joy, gratitude and community for Muslims. But this year’s celebrations, like last year’s, are marred by Israel’s genocidal war on Palestine’s Gaza since October 2023.

#Turkey is a country located at the crossroads of *two continents*, *Asia* and *Europe*, giving it a unique strategic position. Turkey is rich in culture and history, being home to many ancient civilizations, including the *Ottoman Empire* and the *Byzantine Empire*. It is known for its diverse geography, including beautiful *beaches*, towering *mountains*, and amazing archaeological sites. Turkey is also one of the world's major tourist destinations.

25 Facts About Turkey:

*1. Geographic Location*
Turkey is located at the crossroads of *Asia* and *Europe*.

*2. Capital*
The capital is *Ankara*, while *Istanbul* is the largest and most famous city.

*3. Area*
Turkey covers an area of about *783,356 km²*, making it one of the largest countries in the world.

*4. Population*
Turkey's population is approximately *85 million people* in 2024.

*5. Official Language*
The official language is *Turkish*.

*6. Religion*
The primary religion in Turkey is *Islam*, with the majority being *Sunni Muslims*.

*7. Government*
Turkey is a *democratic republic* with a *presidential system*.

*8. Currency*
The official currency is the *Turkish Lira (TRY)*.

*9. Climate*Turkey has a diverse climate: a *Mediterranean climate* on the coast and a *continental climate* in the inland areas.

*10. Terrain*
Turkey has varied terrain, including *mountains*, *plains*, and *rivers*.

*11. Highest Peak*
The highest peak in Turkey is *Mount Ararat* (Ağrı Dağı), with an elevation of *5,137 meters*.

*12. Tourism*
Turkey is one of the most popular tourist destinations, attracting about *40 million tourists annually*.

*13. Tourist Attractions*
Turkey has many famous tourist sites, such as *Hagia Sophia* in *Istanbul*, the *Bodrum Mausoleum*, and *Cappadocia*.

*14. Long History*
Turkey is home to ancient civilizations such as the *Ottoman Empire*, the *Byzantine Empire*, the *Greeks*, and the *Romans*.

*15. Historical Significance*
The city of *Istanbul* was the capital of both the *Byzantine Empire* and the *Ottoman Empire*.

*16. Turkish Cuisine*
Turkish cuisine is world-famous, with dishes like *kebab*, *hummus*, *baklava*, and *meze*.

*17. Sports*
*Football* is the most popular sport in Turkey, along with *basketball* and *water sports*.

*18. Turkish Culture*
Turkey is a blend of *Eastern and Western* influences, reflecting its rich cultural heritage.

*19. Education*Turkey has a strong educational system, with well-known universities like *Boğaziçi University* and *Istanbul University*.

*20. Renewable Energy*
Turkey is investing in *renewable energy*, particularly in *solar* and *wind power*.

*21. Trade and Industry*
Turkey is a major commercial hub, exporting products such as *textiles*, *machinery*, and *agricultural products*.

*22. Islamic Culture*
Turkey has a rich Islamic history, with many famous *mosques* like the *Sultan Ahmed Mosque (Blue Mosque)*.

*23. Turkish Arts*
Turkey is known for its arts, including *calligraphy*, *Islamic decoration*, and *traditional dances*.

*24. Space and Astronomy*
Turkey is developing its own space program and aims to reach space in the coming years.

*25. Politics*
Turkey is a member of *NATO* and the *G20*, playing a key role in global politics.

Turkey is a country with a *long history* and *rich culture*, blending *ancient traditions* with modern developments, making it an exciting destination for tourists and investors alike.
C: Geographic

** "Making the Most of Ramadan: A Guide to Spiritual Enrichment" **

To make the most of Ramadan and truly embrace its spiritual significance, consider the following practices:

1. **Set Clear Intentions (Niyyah):** Before Ramadan begins, reflect on your goals and intentions. What do you hope to achieve spiritually, emotionally, and physically? Write them down and revisit them throughout the month.

2. **Plan Your Day:** Structure your daily routine around your spiritual practices. Allocate specific times for prayer, Quran recitation, and reflection. Ensure you balance your daily obligations with your religious duties.

3. **Suhoor and Iftar Preparation:** Plan nutritious and balanced meals for Suhoor and Iftar. Avoid overeating, and focus on foods that provide sustained energy and hydration.

4. **Quran and Duas:** Dedicate time each day to reading and reflecting on the Quran. Learn new Duas (supplications) and incorporate them into your daily prayers. Aim to complete the Quran by the end of the month.

5. **Taraweeh Prayers:** Attend Taraweeh prayers at the mosque, if possible. The communal atmosphere enhances the spiritual experience and fosters a sense of unity.

6. **Charity and Good Deeds:** Increase your charitable activities by giving Zakat and Sadaqah. Volunteer your time and help those in need. Acts of kindness and generosity amplify the blessings of Ramadan.

7. **Self-Reflection and Repentance:** Use the quiet moments of the day and night for self-reflection. Seek forgiveness for past mistakes, and strive to improve yourself. Ramadan is a time for spiritual renewal and personal growth.

8. **Avoid Distractions:** Limit distractions such as excessive screen time, social media, and non-essential activities. Focus on your spiritual journey and prioritize your connection with Allah.

9. **Family and Community:** Engage in meaningful conversations and activities with family and friends. Share knowledge, support each other, and strengthen your bonds. Participate in community events and initiatives.

10. **Laylat al-Qadr:** Seek out and make the most of Laylat al-Qadr in the last ten nights of Ramadan. Engage in intense prayer, recitation, and supplication, as this night holds immense blessings.

11. **Health and Wellness:** Take care of your physical health by staying hydrated, getting enough rest, and engaging in light exercise. A healthy body supports a healthy spirit.

12. **Journaling:** Keep a journal to document your thoughts, reflections, and progress throughout Ramadan. This can be a valuable tool for self-awareness and future growth.

By incorporating these practices into your daily routine, you can maximize the spiritual benefits of Ramadan and experience a deeper connection with your faith.

May your Ramadan be filled with blessings

For more Islamic content, follow my profile and stay inspired! Saien Sahab

Ramadan in London is a vibrant and spiritual time for the city's Muslim community. Mosques like the East London Mosque and Regents Park Mosque hold special prayers (Taraweeh) and community iftars. Many restaurants and cafes offer late-night meals to accommodate fasting hours. The city also hosts charity events and food drives to support those in need. With London’s diverse population, Ramadan is marked by a mix of traditions from different cultures, making it a unique and inclusive experience.

İstanbul Boğazı’nda tarihi yürüyüş

Kıtaları birleştirdiğimiz ilk köprümüz 15 Temmuz Şehitler Köprüsü bugün adrenalin dozu yüksek bir etkinliğe ev sahipliği yaptı.

Continental Pass etkinliği kapsamında Estonyalı sporcu Jaan Roose gerili ip üzerinde kıtalar arası yürüyüşünü gerçekleştirdi.

15 Temmuz Şehitler Köprüsü, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsü, Yavuz Sultan Selim Köprüsü ve 1915 Çanakkale Köprüsü ile denizin üstünden, Avrasya ve Marmaray tünellerimizle denizin altından sadece kıtaları değil, medeniyetleri de birbirine bağlıyor;

Ülkemizin tanıtımına da katkı sunuyoruz.

#TürkiyeHızlanıyor

(1-Temmuz-1961-31-Ağustos-1997)

PRENSES DİANA

Aristokrat bir aileden gelen Diana, 1 Temmuz 1961’de İngiltere, Norfolk Sandringham Park House’de doğmuştur.

AİLESİ... AUDREY HEPBURN'İN KUZENİ...

Annesi Frances Ruth Shand Kydd (boşanmadan önce Frances Spencer), babası ise Edward John Spencer’dir. Hem anne hem de baba tarafından köklü bir ailenin mensubu olan Diana Spencer, anne tarafından İrlandalı ve İskoç, baba tarafındansa İngiliz ve Amerikan atalara sahiptir. Soyağacında 2. Charles, Anne ve Mary Boleyn, John Egerton gibi önemli isimler olan Diana’nın kuzenleri arasında da sevilen Hollywood yıldızı Audrey Hepburn bulunmaktadır.

BAŞARISIZ EĞİTİM HAYATI...

Boşanmış bir ailenin çocuğu olarak zor günler geçiren Lady Diana, eğitim hayatında pek başarılı olamamış, sınıfları genellikle düşük notlarla atlamıştır. Ancak arkadaş edinme konusunda iyi olan Diana’nın sosyal çevresi hep geniş olmuştur. 1977 yılında İsviçre’de yatılı bir okula gönderilen Diana burayı sevmemiş ve birkaç hafta sonra evine dönmüştür.

PRENS CHARLES İLE EVLENMESİ...

Kraliyet Ailesi’ne girebilmek içinse müstakbel prensesin Protestan ve soylu bir ailesinin olması şartları aranmaktaymış. Bu özelliklere sahip olan Diana, Prens Charles için mükemmel bir eş adayı görülmüş ve her iki aile de gençlerin evlenme fikrini onaylamıştır. Sonuçta; Prens Charles ve Lady Diana 24 Şubat 1981’deki nişanlarının ardından 19 Temmuz 1981’de evlenmişlerdir.

İLK ÇOCUK VE CHARLES' IN ESKİ AŞKI...

Galler Prensesi olan Diana Spencer evliliğinin ilk aylarında hamile kalmış ve bu haber herkesi sevindirmiştir. 21 Temmuz 1982’de doğan çocuğun erkek olması ile de sevinci Kraliyet Ailesi’yle birlikte katlanmıştır. Ancak mutluluğu kısa sürmüş çünkü eşinin eski sevgilisi Camilla Parker Bowles’a aşık olduğu gerçeğini göz ardı edememiştir.

EVLİLİĞİNDEKİ SORUNLAR VE HASTALIĞI...

Prenses kendisini sevdirmek için uğraşmış ama Charles hem evliliğinden önce hem de sonra Camilla’dan başka bir şey düşünmemiştir. Tüm bu sorunlar yüzünden bir tür yeme bozukluğu olan bulimia hastalığına yakalanmış ama her şeye rağmen evliliğini sürdürmek için uğraşmıştır. 1982 yılında Prens Harry’nin doğumuyla 2. kez anne olan Diana’nın evliliğindeki sorunlar devam etmiştir.

BOŞANMASI...

Evliliğinin son yıllarında birkaç sevgilisi olmuş, sansasyonel haberlerle manşetlerde boy göstermiştir. 1995 yılında gizlice bir röportaj veren Diana, yaşadıklarını anlatarak Kraliyet Ailesi’ne yakışmayacak bir şey daha yapmıştır. 20 Kasım’da BBC One’de yayınlanan ünlü itirafname, milyonlarca kişi tarafından izlenmiştir. Ve 1992 yılında fiilen ayrılan çift, bu olaydan 9 ay sonra 28 Ağustos 1996’da resmen boşanmıştır.

DODİ EL FAYED İLE İLİŞKİSİ...

Ayrılıktan sonra epey üzülen Lady Diana Dodi Al Fayed’le görüşmeye başlamıştır.
Tıpkı kendisi gibi boşanmış bir ailenin çocuğu olan Dodi Al Fayed ile haftalarca sürecek bir tatile çıkmıştır. Tabii bu sırada paparazziler çiftin peşinden hiç ayrılmamıştır. Sürekli manşetlerde olan Lady Diana’nın Arap Dodi Al Fayed’le birliktelik yaşaması bütün dünyanın dikkatini çekmiştir. Diana’nın bebek beklediği ve çiftin evlilik hazırlığı içerisinde olduğu haberi ise resmen skandal yaratmıştır. Zaten Lady Diana’nın sözüm ona ölüm emrinin verilmesinin altında yatan en büyük nedenlerden bir tanesi çoğu kişiye göre bu durumdur.

ÖLÜMÜ...

31 Ağustos günü Dodi Al Fayed’in babasına ait olan Ritz Otel’den öğlen 12.30’da çıkan çiftin arabası, sözüm ona şoförün yolu şaşırması üzerine bir tünelin girişinde kaza yapmış. Şoför VE Dodi Al Fayed olay yerinde hayatını kaybederken, Lady Diana’nın ölümü ise kaldırıldığı hastanede 2 saat sonra gerçekleşmiştir. Kazadan sağ olarak kurulan tek kişi ise Prenses Diana’nın koruma görevlisi Trevor Rees-Jones olmuştur.

“Karşılık beklemeden, bir gün birinin de sizin için aynı şeyi yapabileceğini düşünmeden, rastgele bir iyilik yapın.”

PRENSES DİANA

Islamic World

The Islamic world refers to countries and regions where Islam is dominant, influencing various aspects of life, including culture, politics, law, and education. It is not just limited to the Middle East; it spans Africa, Asia, and Europe.
Critical Aspects of the Islamic World:
1. Geographical Spread:
Middle East and North Africa (MENA): The heartland of Islam, including countries like Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Iran, and Turkey.
South Asia: Countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan, where Islam plays a central role.
Southeast Asia: Indonesia, the world's most populous Muslim-majority country, Malaysia, and Brunei.
Sub-Saharan Africa: Countries like Nigeria, Sudan, and Somalia have significant Muslim populations.
Europe: There are significant Muslim communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, and growing populations in Western Europe due to migration.
2. Cultural and Religious Practices:
Religious Practices: The Five Pillars of Islam (Shahada, Salah, Zakat, Sawm, Hajj) are central to Islamic life.
Islamic Law (Sharia): In many Muslim-majority countries, Sharia law influences or directly governs legal systems, covering everything from criminal law to personal status issues like marriage and inheritance.
Language: Arabic is the liturgical language of Islam, but other languages, such as Persian, Turkish, Urdu, and Malay, are widely spoken in the Islamic world.
3. Historical Contributions:
The Golden Age of Islam (8th to 14th century) was a period of significant advancements in science, medicine, mathematics, and philosophy, with learning centres in cities like Baghdad, Cairo, and Cordoba.
Architecture: Islamic architecture is renowned for its mosques, madrasas (schools), and palaces, featuring minarets, domes, and intricate geometric designs.
4. Modern-Day Dynamics:
Political Landscape: The Islamic world includes various governance systems, from monarchies in the Gulf States to republics in Iran and Turkey. Political Islam and movements like the Muslim Brotherhood have had significant influence in some regions.
Economic Power: The Islamic world includes some of the world's largest oil producers, like Saudi Arabia and Iran, which play a critical role in global energy markets.
Social Issues: The Islamic world faces diverse social challenges, from modernisation and globalisation to debates over women's rights, democracy, and the role of religion in the state.
5. Global Influence:
Diaspora: Significant Muslim communities in Europe, North America, and other parts of the world contribute to the global influence of Islam.
Interfaith Relations: Islam is one of the world's major religions, with interfaith dialogue becoming increasingly important in promoting understanding and cooperation between different religious communities.
The Islamic world is diverse and complex, with a rich history and significant impact on global culture, politics, and economics.